Questions and Discussions about Profit and Loss and Percentage of Profit and Loss – Mathsteria

Question 1.

A trader buys 10 chickens for a total of IDR 140,000,- then sells the chickens for IDR 14,500 per bird. How many rupiahs did the businessman earn?

Solution:
Known for:
Purchase price: B = 140,000 (ten tails).
Total selling price: J = $ 10 \times 14,500 = 145,000 $.
*). Determining the amount of profit:
Profit = sell – buy = 145,000 – 140,000 = 5,000.
Therefore, the trader will experience a profit of IDR 5,000.00.

Question 2.

A merchant buys 200 eggs for a total price of Rp. 130,000,- after it was sold, he made a profit of Rp. 150,- per egg. Determine the total selling price.?

Solution:
Known for:
Total purchase price: B = 130,000,
Total profit: Profit (U) = $200 \times 150 = 30,000 $.
*). Determine the total selling price:
$ \begin{align} U & = J – B \\ 30.000 & = J – 130.000 \\ J & = 130.000 + 30.000 \\ J & = 160.000 \end{align} $
Therefore, the total selling price is IDR 160,000.00.

Question 3.

The school cooperative bought 6 dozen pencils at a price of IDR 15,000 per dozen. If the cooperative wants a profit of IDR 36,000,-. Determine the selling price of pencils per stick.?

Solution:
Known for:
Total purchase price: B = $6 \times 15,000 = $90,000.
Total profit : U = 36,000.
*). Determine the total selling price:
$ \begin{align} U & = J – B \\ 36.000 & = J – 90.000 \\ J & = 90.000 + 36.000 \\ J & = 126.000 \end{align} $
we get the total selling price: J = 126,000.
*). Determining the selling price of pencils per stick:
6 dozen = $ 6 \times 12 = 72 \, $ pencil stick.
Selling price per stick $ = \frac{126,000}{72} = 1,750 $
Therefore, the selling price of pencil per stick is Rp. 1,750,-

Question 4.

The school cooperative bought 10 packages of notebooks, each containing 10 books for a total price of IDR 200,000.00. Then the book is sold retail at Rp. 2,500.00 per book. Will the cooperative make a profit or a loss when all the books are sold out and what is the profit or loss?

Solution:
Known for:
Total purchase price: B = 200,000
10 packages of books = $ 10 \times 10 = 100 \, $ pieces of books.
Total selling price: J $ = 100 \times 2,500 = 250,000 $.
*). Determine the profit or loss and its amount:
Since the selling price is greater than the buying price, the cooperative makes a profit.
Profit = Sell – Buy = 250,000 – 200,000 = 50,000.
So, the income is Rp 50,000.00.

Question 5.

Mom bought 4 racks of eggs with eggs worth IDR 21,000.00 per rack. Each shelf contains 30 eggs. The mother then sold it and made a profit of IDR 100.00 per item. How much did the whole egg sell for?

Solution:
Known for:
Total purchase price: B = $4 \times 21,000 = $84,000.
4 racks of eggs = $ 4 \times 30 = 120 \, $ eggs.
Total profit : U = $120 \times 100 = $12,000.
*). Determine the total selling price:
$ \begin{align} U & = J – B \\ 12.000 & = J – 84.000 \\ J & = 84.000 + 12.000 \\ J & = 96.000 \end{align} $
Therefore, the total selling price of eggs is IDR 96,000.00.

Question 6.

A computer dealer says that the cost of assembling a computer he sells is IDR 2,450,000.00. After selling it he made a profit of 10%. At what price in rupiah is the computer sold?

Solution:
Known for:
Purchase price (cost): B = 2,450,000.
Profit percentage: %U = 10%.
*). Determine the selling price in a profitable situation
$ \begin{align} J & = (100\% + \%U) \times B \\ & = (100\% + 10\%) \times 2.450.000 \\ & = (110\% ) \times 2.450.000 \\ & = \frac{110}{100} \s. 2.695.000 \end{align} $
Therefore, the selling price of the computer is IDR 2,695,000.00

Question 7.

Irsan is a subsidized kerosene agent. He bought 500 liters of kerosene. The oil retails at IDR 11,500.00 per liter. The income earned from selling all the oil is IDR 200,000.00. How many rupiahs will Irsan spend to buy kerosene?

Solution:
Known for:
Total selling price: J = $ 500 \times 11,500 = 5,750,000 $ .
Total profit: U = 200,000.
*). Determine the total purchase price:
$ \begin{align} U & = J – B \\ 200.000 & = 5.750.000 – B \\ B & = 5.750.000 – 200.000 \\ B & = 5.550.000 \end{align} $
Therefore, the total purchase price is IDR 5,550,000.00

Question 8.

A chicken trader buys 300 chickens from a farmer at an average price of IDR 15,000.00, then sells them in the market. On the first day he sold 200 chickens at a price of IDR 20,000.00 each. It happened that on the second day 10 chickens died and the rest were sold for Rp. 12,000.00 each. Answer the questions below.
a). Profit or loss for the entrepreneur?
b). What is the percentage gain or loss?

Question 9.

A merchant buys 50 durians at a price of IDR 25,000.00 each. A total of 25 pieces were sold at IDR 30,000.00 each, 10 pieces were sold at IDR 20,000.00 each and the rest were rotten. Is it a profit or a loss for the trader? Determine what percentage of profit or loss?

Question 10.

Pak Parmi sold his 100 goats. He sold $ \, \frac{2}{5} \, $ from his goats at IDR 1,500,000.00 per head, and the rest were sold at IDR 2,000,000.00 per head. If Mr Parmi makes a profit of 25% on the sale of the goats, then what is the purchase price of all the goats?

Solution:
*). $ \, \frac{2}{5} \, $ of the goat, which is $ \, \frac{2}{5} \times 100 = 40 \, $ the tail is sold for 1,500,000. and the remaining 60 goats were sold for 2,000,000.
Total Selling Price:
J $ = 40 \times 1,500,000 + 60 \times 2,000,000 = 180,000,000 $.
Profit percentage: %U = 25%.
*). Determine the purchase price in a profitable situation
$ \begin{align} J & = (100\% + \%U) \times B \\ 180.000.000 & = (100\% + 25\%) \times B \\ 180.000.000 & = (125\% ) \times B \\ 180.000.000 & = (100\% + 25\%) \times B \\ $
Therefore, the purchase of all the goats is IDR 144,000,000.00